Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

729 questions · 775 findings · 58 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

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No studies found 166 · 21.4%GRADE not reported 24 · 3.1%Very low 356 · 45.9%Low 162 · 20.9%Moderate 47 · 6.1%High 20 · 2.6%

Computer‐assisted reconstruction surgery vs conventional operating techniques

Functional ability · People, primarily adults, undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Computer‐assisted surgery for knee ligament reconstruction 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 120 participants
Moderate

Computer‐assisted reconstruction surgery vs conventional operating techniques

Functional status at 2 years or more: Lysholm score (score 0 to 100: best function) · People, primarily adults, undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Computer‐assisted surgery for knee ligament reconstruction 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 120 participants
Low

Computer‐assisted reconstruction surgery vs conventional operating techniques

Activity level: Tegner score ( 0 to 10; higher scores = greater activity) · People, primarily adults, undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Computer‐assisted surgery for knee ligament reconstruction 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Computer‐assisted reconstruction surgery vs conventional operating techniques

IKDC knee examination grade normal (grade A) or nearly normal (grade B) ‐ Intermediate/long‐term · People, primarily adults, undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery

Computer‐assisted reconstruction surgery showed no clear difference in IKDC knee examination grade normal (grade A) or nearly normal (grade… compared with conventional operating techniques (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Computer‐assisted surgery for knee ligament reconstruction 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.96, 1.06]
3 studies · 173 participants
Low

Computer‐assisted reconstruction surgery vs conventional operating techniques

Adverse post‐surgical events · People, primarily adults, undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Computer‐assisted surgery for knee ligament reconstruction 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 140 participants
GRADE not reported

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Final post‐surgical neurological status NASS (North American Spine Society) scores. Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores indicate better neurological function). · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Quality of life (emotional) · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Pain North Americal Spine Society pain scores. Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores indicate less pain). · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Non‐fusion at · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

It is very uncertain whether anterior changes non‐fusion at compared with posterior surgical approaches (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.18 [0.04, 34.91]
2 studies · 84 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Sagittal alignment Scale from: ‐20 to 20 degrees. · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 36 participants
Very low

Anterior vs posterior surgical approaches

Complications Number of events · adults with cervical spine facet dislocations

It is very uncertain whether anterior changes complications Number of events compared with posterior surgical approaches (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical approaches for cervical spine facet dislocations in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 25.19 [1.58, 401.58]
1 study · 42 participants
Very low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

Functional outcomes · Children and adolescents with femoral shaft fractures

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 101 participants
Low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

Unacceptable malunion · Children and adolescents with femoral shaft fractures

Surgical interventions probably leads to lower unacceptable malunion Assessed by imaging compared with conservative interventions (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.29 [0.15, 0.59]
4 studies · 264 participants
Moderate

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

Serious adverse events · Children and adolescents with femoral shaft fractures

Surgical interventions may leads to higher serious adverse events compared with conservative interventions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.39 [1.1, 5.17]
4 studies · 264 participants
Low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

Time to return to usual activities⁶(time to return to school) · Children and adolescents with femoral shaft fractures

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 46 participants
Low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

Child satisfaction Assessed by an ordinal rating scale (11 points): very unhappy to very happy · Children and adolescents with femoral shaft fractures

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 101 participants
Low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

Parent satisfaction Rated as excellent or good · Children and adolescents with femoral shaft fractures

Surgical interventions may leads to higher parent satisfaction Rated as excellent or good compared with conservative interventions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.34 [1.05, 1.73]
1 study · 46 participants
Low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

Resource use and other costs · Children and adolescents with femoral shaft fractures

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Fear of falling3 Immediately post intervention · older people living in the community

The intervention may leads to higher fear of falling3 Immediately post intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for reducing fear of falling in older people living in the community 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.37 [0.18, 0.56]
24 studies · 1692 participants
Low