Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,860 questions · 64,864 findings · 4,913 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 13,869 · 21.4%GRADE not reported 3,491 · 5.4%Very low 16,300 · 25.1%Low 17,338 · 26.7%Moderate 10,900 · 16.8%High 2,966 · 4.6%

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Telephone quitline referral vs usual care or no treatment

Health system telephone counselling vs quitline · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

It is very uncertain whether telephone quitline referral changes health system telephone counselling vs quitline compared with no treatment or usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacotherapy plus counselling vs no pharmacotherapy or placebo plus counselling

Quit at longest · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

Pharmacotherapy plus counselling leads to higher quit at longest compared with no pharmacotherapy or placebo plus counselling (high certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Hospital‐only intervention vs intervention that continues after hospital discharge

Behavioural support ‐ asynchronous** · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

It is very uncertain whether hospital‐only intervention changes behavioural support ‐ asynchronous** compared with intervention that continues after hospital discharge (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hospital‐only intervention vs intervention that continues after hospital discharge

Behavioural support ‐ synchronous** · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

Hospital‐only intervention showed no clear difference in behavioural support ‐ synchronous** compared with intervention that continues after hospital discharge (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review