Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

962 questions · 1,000 findings · 69 reviews · Urology

No studies found 196 · 19.6%GRADE not reported 33 · 3.3%Very low 198 · 19.8%Low 354 · 35.4%Moderate 206 · 20.6%High 13 · 1.3%

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Progression‐free survival (PSF) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

It is very uncertain whether everolimus + bevacizumab changes progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

It is very uncertain whether everolimus + bevacizumab changes overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Everolimus + bevacizumab showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Progression‐free survival (PSF) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib may leads to higher progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib leads to higher overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pazopanib vs placebo (targeted agent versus placebo)

Progression‐free survival · Previous treated and treatment‐naïve (54%) metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Pazopanib leads to lower progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with placebo (targeted agent versus placebo) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pazopanib vs placebo (targeted agent versus placebo)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Previous treated and treatment‐naïve (54%) metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Pazopanib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with placebo (targeted agent versus placebo) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tivozanib vs sorafenib (targeted agent versus targeted agent)

Progression‐free survival · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Tivozanib may leads to lower progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with sorafenib (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Abiraterone + ADT vs ADT only

Adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of · men with metastatic, hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer

Abiraterone + ADT leads to higher grades III to V adverse events (severe and life threatening, as per… compared with ADT alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Abiraterone + ADT vs ADT only

Time to death from prostate cancerMedian · men with metastatic, hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer

Abiraterone + ADT probably leads to lower time to death due to prostate cancer measured at a median compared with ADT alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review