Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,556 questions · 10,375 findings · 429 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 1,344 · 13%GRADE not reported 6,832 · 65.9%Very low 1,228 · 11.8%Low 613 · 5.9%Moderate 290 · 2.8%High 68 · 0.7%

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Chlorhexidine (mouthrinse or gel), as part of oral hygiene care vs placebo or usual care

Adverse effects · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review

Intraglandular botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection vs No BoNT (placebo or pre-treatment baseline)

Salivary S. mutans level · Patients with drooling (sialorrhea) due to neurological disease

BoNT injections were not associated with significant changes in salivary S. mutans counts across three studies (ungraded; no effect estimate reported).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Oral health effects of botulinum toxin treatment for drooling: a systematic review. 2020 All outcomes
    Before vs after BoNT injection · Neurological-disease populations with drooling (e.g., cerebral palsy, Parkinson disease, adults with sialorrhea); specialist clinical care
    The RCT by Wu et al. reported no statistically significant changes in S. mutans CFU counts (p-values only). The studies of Tiigimae-Saar did not find statistically significant differences in S. mutans CFU counts either.
    3 studies
    GRADE not reported

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Oral health behaviour (1-9 scale) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in oral health behaviour (1-9 scale) compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

The wand (computer-controlled LA delivery system) vs Sleeper One (electronic LA delivery system)

Acceptance of LA · Children and adolescents having dental treatment under local anaesthetic without general anaesthesia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Multiple LTF gene variants (joint / gene-based) vs Caries-free controls

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

A gene-based analysis indicated that multiple LTF variants were jointly associated with dental caries risk (weighted TPM P = 0.0007; no pooled effect estimate; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Toothbrushing (with or without antiseptics), as part of oral hygiene care vs No toothbrushing (with or without antiseptics)

Systemic antibiotic use · Critically ill adults receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Metronidazole + SRP vs SRP

Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

It is very uncertain whether metronidazole + SRP changes percentage of closed pockets compared with SRP (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

TT genotype of AMELX rs2106416 vs CC + CT genotype of AMELX rs2106416

Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

No significant association between TT genotype vs CC + CT genotype of AMELX rs2106416 and dental caries susceptibility (TT vs CC + CT model: OR 1.67, 95% CI 0.44-6.34) in the Ethnicity: Caucasian subgroup; certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Povidone iodine coolant vs Distilled water coolant

Reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): cinnamon extract coolant vs distilled water during ultrasonic scaling · People undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a dental setting

It is very uncertain whether povidone iodine coolant changes reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): povidone… compared with distilled water coolant (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review