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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,860 questions · 64,864 findings · 4,913 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 13,869 · 21.4%GRADE not reported 3,491 · 5.4%Very low 16,300 · 25.1%Low 17,338 · 26.7%Moderate 10,900 · 16.8%High 2,966 · 4.6%

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Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Severe maternal outcome potentially related to treatment (death, respiratory arrest, or cardiac arrest)** · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate showed no clear difference in severe maternal outcome potentially related to treatment (death,… compared with placebo (outcomes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Cerebral palsy · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate leads to lower cerebral palsy (up to 2 years' corrected age)** compared with placebo (outcomes (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Major disability by 18 to 24 months corrected age (aligned definition) · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate showed no clear difference in major neurodevelopmental disability (up to 2 years' corrected age)** compared with placebo (outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate probably leads to lower severe intraventricular haemorrhage (grade 3 or 4) (newborn/infant)** compared with placebo (outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease/bronchopulmonary dysplasia (newborn/infant)** compared with placebo (outcomes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Death (fetal, neonatal, or later (up to school age))** · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate showed no clear difference in death (fetal, neonatal, or later (up to school age))** compared with placebo (outcomes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Spontaneous vaginal birth · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models probably leads to higher spontaneous vaginal birth (as defined by trial authors) compared with other models of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Induction of labour · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models showed no clear difference in induction of labour compared with other models of care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Instrumental vaginal birth · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models probably leads to lower instrumental vaginal birth (forceps/vacuum) compared with other models of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Episiotomy · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models may leads to lower episiotomy compared with other models of care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Third‐ or fourth‐degree perineal tear (with or without episiotomy) · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models changes third or fourth degree tear compared with other models of care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Postpartum haemorrhage · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models showed no clear difference in postpartum haemorrhage (as defined by trial authors) compared with other models of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Breastfeeding initiation · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models showed no clear difference in breastfeeding initiation compared with other models of care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Maternal readmission within 28 days · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models changes maternal readmission within 28 days compared with other models of care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review