Duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain
It is very uncertain whether back school changes duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days compared with short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain
2 findings from 1 review
Back‐specific functional status · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events Number of events · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain
It is very uncertain whether back school changes adverse events Number of events compared with myofascial therapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 6 months (0 to 100%) · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention showed no clear difference in oswestry Disability Index ‐ 6 months (0 to 100%) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 1 year (0 to 100%) · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention showed no clear difference in oswestry Disability Index ‐ 1 year (0 to 100%) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 2 years (0 to 100%) · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention showed no clear difference in oswestry Disability Index ‐ 2 years (0 to 100%) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Pain ‐ 3 months (0 to 10) · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention may leads to higher pain ‐ 3 months (0 to 10) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Pain ‐ 4 years (0 to 10) · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention may leads to higher pain ‐ 4 years (0 to 10) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Pain ‐ 10 years (0 to 10) · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention may leads to higher pain ‐ 10 years (0 to 10) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Oswestry Disability Index ‐ 6 weeks · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention showed no clear difference in oswestry Disability Index ‐ 6 weeks (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ‐ 6 weeks · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention showed no clear difference in visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ‐ 6 weeks (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Zurich Claudication Questionnaire ‐ 6 weeks · lumbar spinal stenosis
The intervention showed no clear difference in zurich Claudication Questionnaire ‐ 6 weeks (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Pain VAS (0 to 100) Short‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Pain VAS (0 to 100) Long‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Short‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Intermediate · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Long‐term · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found