What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to higher SAEs ‐ formoterol versus placebo ( (high certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.57 [1.05, 2.37]
  19 studies · 6646 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in SAEs ‐ formoterol versus salbutamol ( (moderate certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.72 [0.37, 1.43]
  9 studies · 2119 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) ‐ formoterol versus placebo ( (moderate certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.52 [0.24, 9.71]
  14 studies · 5463 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) ‐ formoterol versus salbutamol ( (moderate certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.5 [0.03, 8.05]
  6 studies · 1418 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to higher SAEs ‐ formoterol versus placebo ( (high certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.82 [1.16, 6.83]
  5 studies · 1335 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Regular formoterol vs regular salmeterol

• Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 1116 participants
  Low

Regular formoterol vs regular salmeterol

• Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 156 participants
  Very low

Regular formoterol vs regular salmeterol

Regular formoterol showed no clear difference in all‐cause SAEs in adults compared with regular salmeterol (low certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.77 [0.46, 1.28]
  3 studies · 1116 participants
  Low

Regular formoterol vs regular salmeterol

It is very uncertain whether regular formoterol changes all‐cause SAEs in children compared with regular salmeterol (very low certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.95 [0.06, 15.33]
  1 study · 156 participants
  Very low

Regular formoterol vs regular salmeterol

Regular formoterol showed no clear difference in asthma‐related SAEs in adults compared with regular salmeterol (low certainty).

• Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.86 [0.29, 2.57]
  3 studies · 1116 participants
  Low

Regular formoterol vs regular salmeterol

• Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 156 participants
  Very low

Pursed lip breathing vs no breathing exercises

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 19 participants
  Low

Yoga vs no breathing exercises

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 74 participants
  Moderate

Yoga vs no breathing exercises

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 45 participants
  Moderate

Pursed lip breathing vs expiratory muscle training

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 17 participants
  Low

Pursed lip breathing vs expiratory muscle training

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 17 participants
  Low

Ventilation feedback training vs exercise

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 32 participants
  Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 33 participants
  Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

• Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 40 participants
  Low