What do systematic reviews say?

DOAC vs placebo

DOAC showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.43 [0.18, 1.06]
  3 studies · 1526 participants
  Low

Low molecular weight heparin vs active control

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with with active control (1) (low certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.89 [0.12, 66.75]
  1 study · 51 participants
  Low
• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.51 [0.22, 1.17]
  2 studies · 781 participants
  Moderate
• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.14, 0.83]
  1 study · 439 participants
  High

Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo

Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin leads to lower symptomatic VTE compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.36 [0.22, 0.6]
  1 study · 3212 participants
  High

Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with placebo or no thromboprophylaxis (low certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.15 [0.02, 1.2]
  1 study · 311 participants
  Low

Vitamin K antagonists vs active control

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with active control (moderate certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.5 [0.74, 3.04]
  1 study · 440 participants
  Moderate

Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin leads to lower symptomatic VTE compared with no thromboprophylaxis (high certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.46, 0.83]
  11 studies · 3931 participants
  High

Therapeutic LMWH vs placebo

Therapeutic LMWH showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.23, 3.06]
  1 study · 218 participants
  Low

NSAIDs vs placebo

NSAIDs showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.25, 3.28]
  1 study · 211 participants
  Low

Prophylactic LMWH vs placebo

Prophylactic LMWH showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.22 [0.38, 3.89]
  1 study · 222 participants
  Low

Computer or human alerts interventions vs usual care

• Interventions for implementation of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients at risk for venous thromboembolism 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 5353 participants
  Low

Fondaparinux vs variable dose warfarin

• Pentasaccharides for the prevention of venous thromboembolism 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 236 participants
  Very low

Fondaparinux vs placebo

Fondaparinux leads to lower symptomatic VTE compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Pentasaccharides for the prevention of venous thromboembolism 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.15 [0.06, 0.36]
  8 studies · 6503 participants
  High

Fondaparinux vs 1 mg warfarin

• Pentasaccharides for the prevention of venous thromboembolism 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 236 participants
  Very low

Fondaparinux vs edoxaban

• Pentasaccharides for the prevention of venous thromboembolism 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 38 participants
  Very low

Fondaparinux vs mechanical thromboprophylaxis

• Pentasaccharides for the prevention of venous thromboembolism 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 120 participants
  Low

Fondaparinux vs low molecular weight heparin

Fondaparinux showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with LMWH (moderate certainty).

• Pentasaccharides for the prevention of venous thromboembolism 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.65, 1.63]
  9 studies · 12240 participants
  Moderate

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs low molecular weight heparin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found