Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

61 questions · 61 findings · 12 reviews · Gut

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 8.2%Low 12 · 19.7%Moderate 23 · 37.7%High 21 · 34.4%

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Overall survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy alone

Overall survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table: chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s)… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or targeted therapy plus best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with BSC (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma previously treated with chemotherapy

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… probably leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 3): chemotherapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 3): chemotherapy agent(s)… probably leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with AC of the esophagus

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with SCC of the esophagus

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 6): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review