It is very uncertain whether gemcitabine changes grade III–V adverse events compared with BCG (very low certainty).
Gemcitabine showed no clear difference in grade III–V adverse events compared with saline (low certainty).
Interferon‐α combined with targeted therapies may leads to higher adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard targeted therapy (low certainty).
Interferon‐α alone probably leads to lower adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with interferon‐α plus bevacizumab (moderate certainty).
Interferon‐α plus bevacizumab showed no clear difference in adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard targeted therapies (low certainty).
Vaccine treatment showed no clear difference in adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard therapies (low certainty).
Targeted immunotherapy alone probably leads to lower adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard targeted therapies (moderate certainty).
Interferon‐α alone may leads to higher adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard targeted therapies (sunitinib or temsirolimus) (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether gemcitabine changes grade I or II adverse events compared with BCG (very low certainty).
Gemcitabine showed no clear difference in grade I or II adverse events compared with saline (low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may leads to higher grade III to V adverse events compared with ADT only (low certainty).
Immune checkpoint inhibitors probably leads to lower adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of compared with any first‐line chemotherapy (moderate certainty).
Immune checkpoint inhibitors may leads to lower adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).
Tivozanib may leads to lower serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with sorafenib (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether sorafenib changes serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with pazopanib (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (very low certainty).
Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with everolimus (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (moderate certainty).
Sunitinib showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with avelumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted… (low certainty).
Sunitinib showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with pembrolizumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy +… (low certainty).