Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,918 questions · 5,537 findings · 1,803 reviews

No studies found 1,309 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 440 · 7.9%Very low 1,560 · 28.2%Low 1,292 · 23.3%Moderate 751 · 13.6%High 185 · 3.3%

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any second‐line chemotherapy

Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors may leads to lower discontinuation due to adverse events Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any first‐line chemotherapy

Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors showed no clear difference in discontinuation due to adverse events Range of compared with any first‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ocrelizumab vs interferon beta‐1a

Number of participants with any adverse events · patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

Ocrelizumab showed no clear difference in number of participants with any adverse events compared with interferon beta‐1a (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ocrelizumab vs placebo

Number of participants with any adverse events · primary progressive multiple sclerosis

Ocrelizumab probably leads to higher number of participants with any adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events during the trial period · all trials contributing results to the summary of findings table included people with mild disease (WHO scale 1 to 3)§

The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events during the trial period (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events during the trial period · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all trials contributing results to the summary of findings table investigated…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes serious adverse events during the trial period (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: severe, grade > 2 (Duration of · stages I to III NSCLC patients treated with surgery or radiotherapy with curative intent

The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe, grade > 2 (Duration of (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib

Adverse events: thromboembolic events · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer

It is very uncertain whether pazopanib plus lapatinib changes specific adverse events: thromboembolic events compared with lapatinib (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs placebo or usual care

Serious adverse events during the study period · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all studies contributing results to the summary of findings table included people…

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events during the study period compared with placebo or standard of care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review