Immersion in water vs no immersion during first stage of labour: Caesarean section
- Population
- women in labour
- Intervention
- Immersion in water
- Comparison
- no immersion during first stage of labour
- Outcome
- Caesarean section
Immersion in water showed no clear difference in mode of birth (caesarean section) compared with no immersion during first stage of labour (low certainty).
What each review found
Include earlier review versions| Finding | Effect | Studies | GRADE certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Immersion in water vs no immersion during first stage of labour Mode of birth (caesarean section) · women in labour Immersion in water showed no clear difference in mode of birth (caesarean section) compared with no immersion during first stage of labour (low certainty). Immersion in water during labour and birth (2018) · Cochrane Headline outcomes only | RR 1.27 [0.91, 1.79] | 7 studies · 2652 participants | Low |
Findings are shown side by side, never pooled across reviews.
The reviews
| Review | Searched up to | Included studies | AMSTAR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Immersion in water during labour and birth 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only | Not reported | Not extracted | Not assessed |
Related questions
The same intervention and outcome, asked in another population or against another comparator.
- Immersion in water vs no immersion during second stage of labour · women in labour · 1 review
How reviews are matched to this question
Reviews word the same question differently. Four decision models (TypeSafe's Jev, Liquid AI's d1-ultra, SubQ Snap and Baseten's Elephant) judged each wording of the population, intervention, comparator and outcome against the others; two wordings count as the same when at least three of them agree and none clearly disagrees, and findings count as this question only when all four elements match. Timing, setting and subgroup never split a question: they are shown on each finding.