Heat-killed probiotic and postbiotic oral lozenges vs placebo: Reduced dental plaque index
Postbiotic lozenges reduce plaque index in one adult RCT (ungraded).
What each review found
Include earlier review versions| Finding | Effect | Studies | GRADE certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Heat-killed probiotic and postbiotic oral lozenges vs Placebo Reduced dental plaque index · Adults with dental caries · 4 weeks, Clinical; salivary/plaque sampling Postbiotic lozenges reduce plaque index in one adult RCT (ungraded). Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. (2025) All outcomes | One RCT in adults reported a significant reduction in plaque index with postbiotic/heat-killed lozenges versus placebo (Lin 2022); no pooled estimate. | 1 study | GRADE not reported |
Findings are shown side by side, never pooled across reviews.
The reviews
| Review | Searched up to | Included studies | AMSTAR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. 2025 All outcomes | October 2024 | 21 | Critically Low / Critically Low |
Studies behind the findings
None of these reviews ties its included studies to this outcome in the data here. Cochrane reviews and reviews with headline outcomes only do not list their studies yet.
How reviews are matched to this question
Reviews word the same question differently. Four decision models (TypeSafe's Jev, Liquid AI's d1-ultra, SubQ Snap and Baseten's Elephant) judged each wording of the population, intervention, comparator and outcome against the others; two wordings count as the same when at least three of them agree and none clearly disagrees, and findings count as this question only when all four elements match. Timing, setting and subgroup never split a question: they are shown on each finding.