Same question across reviews · CL0179
intervention :: Glass ionomer / ART -> Secondary caries
ProposalThis cluster groups questions by review type, intervention category and outcome domain. It is a proposal pending human validation, so questions in it may differ in population, comparator or timing.
Reviews
7
Questions
20
current versions
GRADE rated
12
Review overlap (CCA)
0.048
over all included studies of these reviews, not this question only
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Ion-releasing restorations (IRR): RMGIC, HVGIC, GIC, compomer/PMRC, giomer vs Composite resin (CR), including bulk-fill composite Absence of secondary caries · Children receiving dental restorations (aged 4-11 years; primary teeth; Class I/II/V cavities) · 1 to 2 years Clinical effectiveness of ion-releasing restorations compared to composite restorations in pediatric dental… (2025) | RR 1.01 [0.99, 1.03] | 9 studies · 1145 participants | High |
Cavity liner (calcium hydroxide, glass-ionomer cement, resin-modified calcium silicate/TheraCal LC, hydraulic calcium silicate/MTA or Biodentine, flowable composite, or other liner material) vs No cavity liner or a different liner material Secondary caries prevention · Patients with deep caries lesions in mature or immature permanent (posterior) teeth, with no symptoms or reversible… · >=12 months Efficacy of different cavity liners compared to no cavity lining in managing deep caries in vital permanent… (2025) | No significant difference; ~100% prevention | 10 studies · 1009 participants | Low |
Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) vs Glass ionomer cement (GIC) Secondary caries (occurrence) · Patients requiring dental restoration; permanent teeth · 1 year of follow-up Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review… (2023) | RR 1.82 [0.45, 7.28] | 2 studies · 126 participants | Low |
Glass ionomer cement (GIC) vs Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) Secondary caries (occurrence) · Patients requiring dental restoration; deciduous (primary) teeth · 2 or more years of follow-up Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review… (2023) | RR 1.92 [1.03, 3.56] | 7 studies · 1193 participants | Moderate |
Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) vs Resin composite (RC) Secondary caries (occurrence) · Patients requiring dental restoration; deciduous (primary) teeth · 1 year of follow-up, Resin-modified GIC (CIVMR) Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review… (2023) | RR 1.03 [0.07, 15.81] | 1 study · 71 participants | Ungraded |
Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) vs Glass ionomer cement (GIC) Secondary caries (occurrence) · Patients requiring dental restoration; permanent teeth · 2 or more years of follow-up Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review… (2023) | RR 1.33 [0.70, 2.54] | 5 studies · 141 participants | Low |
Glass ionomer cement (GIC) vs Resin composite (RC) Secondary caries (occurrence) · Patients requiring dental restoration; permanent teeth · 2 or more years of follow-up Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review… (2023) | RR 0.50 [0.28, 0.91] | 14 studies · 1571 participants | Moderate |
Glass ionomer cement (GIC) vs Resin composite (RC) Secondary caries (occurrence) · Patients requiring dental restoration; permanent teeth · 1 year of follow-up Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review… (2023) | RR 0.33 [0.10, 1.05] | 5 studies · 380 participants | Low |
Ion-releasing restoration, glass ionomer-based (conventional GIC, HV-GIC, RMGIC, glass hybrid) vs Resin composite restoration Secondary caries (caries around restorations), all cavity types · Patients with permanent dentition in need of restorations (all cavity types: Black's Class I, II, V, and non-carious… · Overall (1 year, 18 months-2 years, and 3 years pooled) Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic… (2022) | RD -0.00 [-0.01, 0.00] | 12 studies · 3085 participants | Ungraded |
Ion-releasing restoration, glass ionomer-based (conventional GIC, HV-GIC, RMGIC, glass hybrid) vs Resin composite restoration Secondary caries (caries around restorations), all cavity types · Patients with permanent dentition in need of restorations (all cavity types: Black's Class I, II, V, and non-carious… · 18 months-2 years Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic… (2022) | RD -0.00 [-0.01, 0.01] | 8 studies · 1087 participants | Low |
Ion-releasing glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations vs Resin composite restorations Secondary caries · Patients with permanent dentition in need of restorations · 1 year, All types of cavities Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic… (2022) | RD -0.00 [-0.01, 0.01] | 12 studies · 1677 participants | Low |
Ion-releasing restoration, glass ionomer-based (conventional GIC, HV-GIC, RMGIC, glass hybrid) vs Resin composite restoration Secondary caries (caries around restorations), all cavity types · Patients with permanent dentition in need of restorations (all cavity types: Black's Class I, II, V, and non-carious… · 3 years Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic… (2022) | RD 0.00 [-0.02, 0.02] | 3 studies · 321 participants | Low |
Ion-releasing restoration (glass ionomer-based and compomer/polyacid-modified composite) vs Resin composite restoration Secondary caries (caries around restorations), load-bearing cavities · Patients with permanent dentition in need of restorations in load-bearing cavities (Class I/II posterior) · Last reported follow-up (2-3 years) Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic… (2022) | RD -0.00 [-0.01, 0.01] | 6 studies · 883 participants | Ungraded |
Ion-releasing restoration, glass ionomer-based (conventional GIC, HV-GIC, RMGIC, glass hybrid) vs Resin composite restoration Secondary caries (caries around restorations), all cavity types · Patients with permanent dentition in need of restorations (all cavity types: Black's Class I, II, V, and non-carious… · 1 year Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic… (2022) | RD -0.00 [-0.01, 0.01] | 12 studies · 1677 participants | Low |
Ion-releasing glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations vs Resin composite restorations Secondary caries · Patients with permanent dentition in need of restorations · 18 months to 2 years, All types of cavities Secondary caries and marginal adaptation of ion-releasing versus resin composite restorations: a systematic… (2022) | RD -0.00 [-0.01, 0.01] | 8 studies · 1087 participants | Low |
ART using resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RM-GIC) vs Conventional treatment using RM-GIC Secondary caries · Older adults with root caries in permanent (mature) teeth (mean age 75 years) · 6 months Atraumatic restorative treatment versus conventional restorative treatment for managing dental caries (2017) · Cochrane | One study reported data on secondary caries for this comparison (Cruz 2016). The odds of secondary caries at six months were greater with ART than with conventional treatment. | 1 study | Ungraded |
ART using high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (H-GIC), hand instruments vs Conventional treatment using H-GIC (rotary instruments) Secondary caries · People with dental caries in primary teeth (mainly children) Atraumatic restorative treatment versus conventional restorative treatment for managing dental caries (2017) · Cochrane | Two studies reported on secondary caries, but this outcome was not reported by trial arm (Yu 2004; Roeleveld 2006). | 2 studies | Ungraded |
ART using composite resin vs Conventional treatment using composite resin Secondary caries · Children with dental caries in primary teeth (mean age 7 years) Atraumatic restorative treatment versus conventional restorative treatment for managing dental caries (2017) · Cochrane | No studies reported on secondary caries for this comparison. | 0 studies | No studies |
Ketac-cem (glass ionomer) cement vs Zinc phosphate cement Post-operative hypersensitivity, tooth vitality, prosthesis retention and secondary caries · Patients receiving cemented FDPs; split-mouth Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | No difference in post-operative hypersensitivity, tooth vitality, prosthesis retention, and secondary caries; paired data not provided in the correct form; trial at high risk of bias (narrative) | 1 study | Ungraded |
Resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitremer) vs Amalgam Marginal integrity, wear, surface texture, staining and secondary caries (Ryge criteria) at 6-12 months · Children aged 12 years or younger with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition, symptomatic… · 6-12 months Dental fillings for the treatment of caries in the primary dentition (2009) · Cochrane | Marginal integrity, wear, surface texture, axial contour, staining and secondary caries (Ryge criteria) at 6 and 12 months: odds ratios not estimable - no events recorded, implying equal performance of the two materials. | 1 study · 60 participants | Ungraded |